Belitong Island - Indonesia

Belitong Island - Indonesia | THE AMAZING ISLAND | Pacific Islands, or Belitong (the local language, named after a type of sea slug), formerly known as Billiton is an island off the east coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, flanked by Gaspar Strait and the Strait of Karimata. The island is famous for its white pepper (Piper sp.) Are in the local language is called sahang, quarrying and mineral type-C as a white tin (Stannuum), quartz sand, white clay (kaolin), and granite. And lately a natural tourist destination alternatives. The island was formerly owned by United Kingdom (1812), before finally exchanged to the Dutch, together Bengkulu, with Singapore and New Amsterdam (now part of New York). Its main town is the Tanjung Pandan. Belitung island is divided into two districts namely District Billiton, capital in Tanjung Pandan, and the Eastern Islands, capital of Manggar.

Belitong Island - Indonesia

Most of its inhabitants, especially those living in coastal areas, are very familiar with the rich marine life with the results of marine fish. A variety of processed foods made from fish into food everyday citizens. The wealth of sea became a source of livelihoods of Pacific Islands. Natural resources are not less important to people's lives Billiton is tin. Of tin mining has been started since the time of the Dutch East Indies. Belitung Island residents are mainly ethnic Malay (spoken with a dialect Islands) and Hokkien and Hakka Chinese descent.

Geographically the island of Billiton (Malay; Belitong) is located at 107 ° 31.5 '- 108 ° 18' east longitude and 2 ° 31.5 '-3 ° 6.5' south latitude. Overall Belitung island wide reach 4800 km ² or 480,010 ha.Pulau Islands to the north bounded by the South China Sea, east by Karimata strait, south by west Java Sea and bordering the strait Gaspar. Around these islands there are small islands such as Pulau Mendanau, Kalimambang, Gresik, Seliu and others.

History

Islands archipelago is experiencing some kings reign. At the end of the 7th century, Billiton was recorded as the kingdom of Srivijaya, Majapahit Empire began later when debuted in 1365, the island became one of the bastions of marine kingdom. Only in the 15th century, Billiton have rights reign. But even then not for long, because when it was ruled by Cakradiningrat Palembang II, the island is soon to be conquered Palembang. Since the 15th century in the Pacific Islands has established an empire that is the Kingdom Badau with Datuk Mayang Geresik as the first king. Central administration is located in the vicinity of the current release. Its control region covers an area Badau, Ibul, Bange, Bentaian, Simpang Tiga, up to Buding, Manggar and Hanging. Some of the historical relics that show traces of royal Badau, berlok 13 form spear, dagger, sword, gong, kelinang, and rakes apostles. Relics can be found at the Museum Badau.

The second kingdom is the kingdom of Beams. King first came from the descendants of Javanese kingdom of Mataram bangsawaan named Islam Masud or Kiai Kiai Agus Agus Ja'kub Gedeh, who holds Depati Cakraningrat I and ruled from 1618-1661. Furthermore, the government is run by Kiai Mending or Depati Cakraningrat Agus II (1661-1696), which move the center of the kingdom of the Old Beams into an area that became known as the New Beams. The next government held by Agus Gending Kiai who holds Depati Cakraningrat III. In the reign of Depati Cakraningrat III, the Islands were divided into 4 Ngabehi, namely:

• Ngabehi Badau with a degree Ngabehi Land Lion of Judah or Judah;
• Ngabehi Sijuk with a bachelor's or Krama Ngabehi prey Juda Juda;
• Ngabehi Buding with a bachelor's Palace Ngabehi Judah.

Each Ngabehi it relegates the kings of the so separated from the Kingdom of Beams. In 1700 Depati Cakraningrat III died and was replaced by Agus Bustam Kiai (Depati Cakraningrat IV). In the reign of Depati Cakraningrat IV, the religion of Islam began to spread across the island of Billiton. Degree Depati Cakraningrat only used up to the king that the beam-9, which is Kiai Agus Mohammad Saleh (title IX Depati Cakraningrat), because in 1873 the title was cleared by the Dutch Government. Beams royal secondarily Kiai Agus Endek (reigned 1879-1890) ranks as the District Head Islands and based in Tanjungpandan.

Belitong Island - Indonesia

The third kingdom is the kingdom Belantu, which is part of the kingdom Ngabehi Beams. The first king was Datuk Ahmad (1705-1741), the title of Datuk Mempawah. Meanwhile, the last king named KA. Umar. Fourth and final kingdom which once stood is the Kingdom Buding, which is part of the territory of the Kingdom Beams. King named Datu Wali vanished slope. Of the four kingdoms that have been mentioned above, the Kingdom of beams is the largest empire that ever existed on the island of Billiton.

In the 17th century, the island of trade routes and the Pacific Islands became a haven of merchants. Of the many merchants, the most influential are the Chinese and Arab traders. This can be evidenced from pottery-pottery that comes from the Sun Dynasty to the 14th century until the 17th, which are found in layers of tin mines in the area Kepenai, Buding, and Coconut Kampit. Based on the records of historians of China named Fei Hsin (1436). While the Chinese people know Belitung due in 1293, Chinese merchants are signed to Island Pacific Islands about the year 1293. A Chinese fleet led by Shi Pi, Ike Mise and Khau Hsing who are traveling to the island of Java, stranded in the waters of Pacific Islands.

Besides the Chinese, who know a lot of other nations were the Dutch island of Billiton. In 1668, a Dutch ship called the 'Zon De Zan messenger', under the leadership of Jan De Marde, arrived in the Islands. They docked at the river Beams, who was the only airport on the island of the Pacific Islands visited by foreign traders. Based Tuntang surrender on 18 September 1821, Island Pacific Islands into the territory of the UK (although the de facto occurred on May 20, 1812). British Resident in the Pacific, siak appoint a king to rule on the small island Pacific Islands because it often happens that people's resistance led by traditional elders. Then based on the Decree of the Commissioner General of the United Kingdom on 17 April 1817, Britain handed Islands to the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Furthermore, in the name of Lady Holland, was appointed a Resident Assistant to run the government on the island of Billiton.

In 1823, a Belgian named Captain JP. De La Motte, who served as Assistant Resident and also head of the Royal Netherlands Army, managed to find a tin on the island. Furthermore, after the Treaty of London 1850, mining was taken over by Billiton Maatschapij, a tin mining company owned by the Dutch Government. At that time the Pacific Islands is divided into 6 areas, namely:

Tanjungpandan and Hanging / Lenggang which is directly under the administration Depati; Badau, Sijuk, Buding and Belantu under their administrations Ngabehi.

In 1890, the rank Ngabehi removed and replaced with the Head of the District. Furthermore, there are 5 districts namely: Tanjungpandaan, Manggar, Buding, sang and Hanging. In 1852 the Pacific Islands are separated from the authority in administrative affairs and tin mining. Separation was at the insistence of JF. Louden (head of the central government in Batavia), to prevent the ill effects of Bangka resident who was envious of the tin mining growing by leaps and bounds in the Pacific Islands. In a series system of the Netherlands East Indies, Pacific Islands in 1921 was made into a district which is headed by a Demat of KA. Adjis Abdul, who assisted two people who supervises two Assistant Demat Onder district, namely the Western Islands and the East Pacific Islands. Gemeente or villages in the Pacific Islands was formed in 1921-1924. Based on Ordinance No. 73 dated February 21, 1924, Billiton is divided into 42 Gemeente.

Belitong Island - Indonesia

In 1933, Billiton changed status into one department Onder-ruled by a Controleur with the rank of Assistant Resident, who is responsible to the Resident of Afdeling Pacific - Pacific Islands are located on the island of Bangka. Dated January 1, 1939 new regulations apply in areas of the Pacific Islands region, which means the island of Billiton has been granted the right to manage their own regions. Of course it affects some circumstances, for example Onder-department covers two districts namely Pacific Islands, Western and Islands District Eastern District Billiton, each headed by a Demat.

Japanese troops occupied the island of Billiton in April 1944, in both the district administration headed by Gunco. In early 1945, Japan established the Lord's People in the Pacific Islands who assist the government. Japanese occupation period is not long, then change back when the Dutch regained control of the Pacific Islands in 1946. In the reign of this Dutch-afdeling Onder Billiton ruled again by the Assistant Resident of the Dutch, while the mastery of the district still held by a Demat which was then replaced with the title Bestuurhoofd.

On November 21, 2000, pursuant to Law No. 27 of 2000, the island of Bangka Islands along with split away and form a new province with the name of the Pacific Islands Province Islands. This province is the province to-31 in Indonesia. Based on the aspirations of the community and the various considerations, Islands District is divided into two districts namely capital in Tanjungpandan Islands District with coverage area includes the five districts and the District of East Belitung with Manggar as its capital with a coverage area includes 4 districts.